Projeto Livro Livre

PROJETO LIVRE LIVRE

O “Projeto Livro Livre” é uma iniciativa que propõe o compartilhamento, de forma livre e gratuita, de obras literárias já em domínio público ou que tenham a sua divulgação devidamente autorizada, especialmente o livro em seu formato Digital. 

No Brasil, segundo a Lei nº 9.610, no seu artigo 41, os direitos patrimoniais do autor perduram por setenta anos contados de 1° de janeiro do ano subsequente ao de seu falecimento. O mesmo se observa em Portugal. Segundo o Código dos Direitos de Autor e dos Direitos Conexos, em seu capítulo IV e artigo 31º, o direito de autor caduca, na falta de disposição especial, 70 anos após a morte do criador intelectual, mesmo que a obra só tenha sido publicada ou divulgada postumamente. 

O nosso Projeto, que tem por único e exclusivo objetivo colaborar em prol da divulgação do bom conhecimento na Internet, busca assim não violar nenhum direito autoral. Todavia, caso seja encontrado algum livro que, por alguma razão, esteja ferindo os direitos do autor, pedimos a gentileza que nos informe, a fim de que seja devidamente suprimido de nosso acervo. 

Esperamos um dia, quem sabe, que as leis que regem os direitos do autor sejam repensadas e reformuladas, tornando a proteção da propriedade intelectual uma ferramenta para promover o conhecimento, em vez de um temível inibidor ao livre acesso aos bens culturais. Assim esperamos!

Até lá, daremos nossa pequena contribuição para o desenvolvimento da educação e da cultura, mediante o compartilhamento livre e gratuito de obras sob domínio público, como estas que disponibilizamos gratuitamente em formato PDF.

É isso!

Iba Mendes

iba@ibamendes.com

TEDEÍSMO: PERGUNTAS E RESPOSTAS

O QUE SIGNIFICA “TEDEÍSMO”?

O termo “TEDEÍSMO” é um neologismo criado a partir da sigla TDI – Teoria do Desenho Inteligente. Linguisticamente segue um critério há muito presente em nossa língua, como em FNM – “FENEMÊ” (nome de um antigo caminhão), em que se faz uso da pronúncia das letras que compõem a sigla TDI, ou seja: TE/DE/I = TEDEÍSMO. Tal vocábulo, portanto, não tem nenhuma implicação teológica ou religiosa. A idéia é simplesmente facilitar o diálogo entre darwinistas (ou evolucionistas), criacionistas com aqueles que se encontram “na terceira margem do rio”, metaforicamente os TEDEÍSTAS.

Já em relação à substituição de “design” por “desenho” trata-se de uma adequação lingüística ao vernáculo português, da mesma forma como fizeram os espanhóis: Teoría del Diseño Inteligente.

O QUE É O TEDEÍSMO?

O Tedeísmo argumenta que as máquinas biológicas (por exemplo: a visão, a coagulação do sangue, o transporte celular, os cílios, o flagelo, o sistema imunológico etc.), por sua complexidade irredutível, tem que ter sido planejadas – seja por Deus ou por alguma outra inteligência superior.

O TEDEÍSMO ESTÁ FUNDAMENTADO NOS LIVROS CONSIDERADOS SAGRADOS?

Não!

As raízes intelectuais da Teoria do Desenho Inteligente são diversas. Platão e Aristóteles, por exemplo, articularam ao seu tempo versões primitivas da teoria do desenho inteligente, da mesma forma como fizeram os grandes nomes da ciência moderna. O conceito de planejamento inteligente apenas começou a se afastar do seio da comunidade científica no princípio do século XX, após o neodarwinismo afirmar ser capaz de explicar o surgimento da complexidade biológica por meio de um processo NÃO-inteligente denominado Seleção Natural, que atuaria sobre mutações aleatórias.

Todavia, durante décadas recentes novas pesquisas e descobertas no campo da física, cosmologia, bioquímica, genética e paleontologia têm levado um número crescente de cientistas e teóricos da ciência a duvidarem da capacidade explicativa do neodarwinismo em relação à complexidade biológica, enfatizando o planejamento inteligente como a explicação mais plausível do ponto de vista científico.

QUEM TERIA SIDO O PLANEJADOR, SEGUNDO O TEDEÍSMO?

O Tedeísmo em nenhum instante discorre acerca da natureza do Planejador, nem faz qualquer tipo de especulação concernente ao seu nome, mas apenas se é possível ou não detectar o plano na natureza. E, como diz Michael Behe:

“Para se deduzir que houve um plano não é preciso ter um candidato para o papel de planejador. Podemos chegar à conclusão de que um sistema foi planejado pelo simples exame do mesmo, e podemos ter muito mais certeza sobre o planejamento em si do que sobre o planejador. Em vários dos exemplos dados acima, a identidade do planejador não era óbvia. Não temos ideia de quem arrumou a engenhoca no pátio de sucata, ou a armadilha de gavinhas, ou por quê. Não obstante, sabemos que todas essas coisas foram planejadas por causa da organização de componentes independentes para atingir certo fim.

A inferência de que houve um plano pode ser feita com bastante segurança, mesmo que o planejador seja figura muito remota.”

[...]

É possível concluir que alguma coisa foi planejada sem que saibamos absolutamente a identidade de quem a planejou. No que diz respeito ao procedimento, o plano primeiro precisa ser compreendido para que se possa f azer alguma outra pergunta sobre o planejador. A dedução de que algo foi planejado pode sermantidacom toda firmeza possível neste mundo, mesmo que não se saiba nada sobre o planejador” (“A Caixa Preta de Darwin”. Zahar Editor, 1997, p. 199).

No Tedeísmo a posição religiosa de seus proponentes NÃO tem qualquer relevância para a manutenção do seu status epistêmico. Obviamente, como é de praxe com todas as teorias que pretendam explicar a origem do Universo e da vida, o Tedeísmo tem sim implicações filosóficas e teológicas, mas isso também se observa em outras teorias, como a Teoria do Big Bang e a própria Teoria da Evolução. Assim, o fato de alguém acreditar, PELA FÉ, que o Planejador tenha sido o Deus da Bíblia ou o Alá do Alcorão, isso apenas refletirá sua crença pessoal, o que não diz absolutamente nada dos postulados do Tedeísmo. No darwinismo, por exemplo, existe determinada vertente que professa uma posição teísta, como é o caso de Francis Collins e Newton Freire-Maia, ambos cristãos. Embora o Tedeísmo seja agnóstico quanto à natureza do Planejador, isso não significa que seus proponentes não possam ter suas próprias crenças (ou descrenças).

O TEDEÍSMO É COMPATÍVEL COM A EVOLUÇÃO?

Isto vai depender do que se quer dizer com o termo “evolução”. Com o sentido de “mudanças através do tempo”, não há um conflito interno entre a Teoria da Evolução e a Teoria do Desenho Inteligente. O que o Tedeísmo contesta é que mecanismos cegos, como a Seleção Natural agindo sobre as mutações, sejam capazes de dá conta da imensa complexidade do Universo e dos seres vivos.

O TEDEÍSMO É O MESMO QUE CRIACIONISMO?

Não!

O Tedeísmo tem por finalidade detectar – empiricamente – se o “aparente desenho” da natureza, o qual é reconhecido virtualmente por todos os biólogos, seja de fato um desenho verdadeiro (produto de uma causa inteligente) ou se é apenas o resultado de um processo não direcionado como a Seleção Natural. Já o criacionismo fundamenta suas teses numa interpretação literal do relato bíblico do Gênesis. O Tedeísmo é estritamente agnóstico quanto a identidade do Planejador. Em outras palavras: não está preocupado em identificar a natureza do Planejador, mas apenas em detectar empiricamente o PLANO na natureza. Portanto, o Tedeísmo não tem por objetivo defender qualquer relato considerado sagrado.

Honestos críticos do Desenho Inteligente reconhecem que há sim distinção entre Tedeísmo e Criacionismo. O historiador da ciência Ronald Numbers, da Universidade de Wisconsin, é um crítico da Teoria do Desenho Inteligente, no entanto, de acordo com a Associated Press, ele “concorda que o rótulo criacionista não deve ser aplicado ao Tedeísmo".

Então por que os darwinistas insistem em afirmar que ambos são da mesma estirpe?

Segundo Dr. Numbers, isto ocorre porque eles (os darwinistas) acreditam que esta seja “a maneira mais fácil de desprestigiar a Teoria do Desenho Inteligente”. Em outras palavras: trata-se de uma estratégia retórica dos darwinistas a fim de tentar suprimir o mérito científico e filosófico do Tedeísmo.

HÁ PESQUISADORES ERUDITOS NA COMUNIDADE CIENTÍFICA QUE APOIA O TEDEÍSMO?

Sim (veja, aqui, a relação completa dos dissidentes do darwinismo)

A Teoria do Desenho Inteligente é composta por doutores da ciência, pesquisadores, teóricos e um bom número de universidades, escolas, institutos de pesquisas em todo o mundo. Entre tais pessoas estão incluídas:

Michael Behe (bioquímico da Universidade de Lehigh);

Scott Minnich (microbiólogo da Universidade de Idazo);

Paul Chien (biólogo da Universidade de San Francisco);

Dean Keyton (biólogo emérito na Universidade Pública de São Francisco);

William Dembski (matemático da Universidade de Baylos); e,

Henry Schaefer (químico quântico da Universidade de Geórgia).

PESQUISAS SOBRE O TEDEÍSMO PUBLICADAS EM PERIÓDICOS E MONOGRAFIAS SÃO REVISADAS POR OUTROS CIENTISTAS?

Não obstante a acirrada hostilidade impetrada pelos defensores do neodarwinismo contra os cientistas que apóiam o desenho inteligente, ainda assim muita coisa tem sido lançada em publicações revisadas por outros cientistas. Por exemplo: “A Inferência de Desenho!” (de William Dembski) e “A Caixa Preta de Darwin” (de Michael Behe). No âmbito dos periódicos, Michael Behe tem defendido o conceito de “complexidade irredutível” no periódico “Filosofia da Ciência”, publicado pela Universidade de Chicago. Outro periódico revisado, no qual se enfatiza a teoria do desenho, é “Progresso em Complexidade, Informação e Desenho”, composto por um conselho de 50 especialistas de diferentes áreas científicas relevantes, sendo que a maioria tem afiliação universitária. E, por fim, os trabalhos dos teóricos do Tedeísmo estão começando a ser citados por companheiros em periódicos revisados como a "Revisão Anual sobre Genética".

POR QUE A ASSOCIAÇÃO AMERICANA PARA O AVANÇO DA CIÊNCIA (AAAS) PUBLICOU UMA RESULUÇÃO CONTRA O TEDEÍSMO?

Em 2002, o comitê da AAAS publicou uma resolução acusando a Teoria do Desenho Inteligente de não ser científica. Este processo deu-se com todas as armas, menos com aquelas relacionadas à ciência. Prova disso é que, após tal resolução ser publicada, perguntou-se aos membros do Comitê da AAAS quais livros e artigos escritos por cientistas do Desenho Inteligente eles teriam lido antes de tomarem tal resolução, e a resposta foi simplesmente que o assunto havia sido analisado por todo o grupo. Outros membros apenas disseram que havia lido cuidadosamente fontes identificadas na Internet. Em outras palavras, os membros do comitê da AAAS aparentemente votaram apenas para declarar a Teoria do Desenho Inteligente como não-científica sem pesquisar eles mesmos os livros acadêmicos e artigos apresentados pelos cientistas que fazem parte dessa teoria. Não custa lembrar que um bom número dos cientistas que apóiam o Tedeísmo é membro da AAAS, de modo que o Comitê da AAAS claramente não falou por todos os membros de sua organização.

É isso!

Vídeos: II Simpósio Internacional Darwinismo Hoje

Clique sobre o vídeo que deseja assistir:

• Conferência Dr. John Lennox: “A Origem da Vida e os Novos Ateus”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. Aldo Mellender de Araujo: “Darwin Ontem e Hoje – 150 anos de Origem das espécies”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. Paul Nelson: “A Árvore da Vida de Darwin”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. Gustavo Caponi: “A Origem das Espécies – O livro”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. John Lennox: “Fundamentos da Moralidade”
  
  
• Oficina sDr. Marcos Eberlin: “Design Inteligente”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. Marcos Eberlin: “Fomos Planejados – A maior descoberta de todos os tempos”
  
  
• Conferência Dr. Paul Nelson: “Implicações Morais e Intelectuais do Naturalismo Filosófico”
  
  
• Oficina Jornalista Maurício Tuffani: “Tendências da Mídia quanto ao ensino de Design Inteligente nas Escolas e Universidades Públicas e Privadas”
  
  
• Mesa Redonda Moderador: Dr. Augustus Nicodemus Gomes Lopes, Dr. Aldo Mellender de Araújo, Dr. Gustavo Caponi, Dr. John Lennox e Dr. Marcos Nogueira Eberlin.

Dissensão científica a Darwin

A SCIENTIFIC DISSENT FROM DARWINISM

“We are skeptical of claims for the ability of random mutation and natural selection to account for the complexity of life. Careful examination of the evidence for Darwinian theory should be encouraged.”

This was last publicly updated August 2008. Scientists listed by doctoral degree or current position.

Philip Skell Emeritus, Evan Pugh Prof. of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University Member of the National Academy of Sciences

Lyle H. Jensen Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Biological Structure & Dept. of Biochemistry University of Washington, Fellow AAAS

Maciej Giertych Full Professor, Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences

Lev Beloussov Prof. of Embryology, Honorary Prof., Moscow State University Member, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

Eugene Buff Ph.D. Genetics Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Emil Palecek Prof. of Molecular Biology, Masaryk University; Leading Scientist Inst. of Biophysics, Academy of Sci., Czech Republic

K. Mosto Onuoha Shell Professor of Geology & Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Univ. of Nigeria Fellow, Nigerian Academy of Science

Ferenc Jeszenszky Former Head of the Center of Research Groups Hungarian Academy of Sciences

M.M. Ninan Former President Hindustan Academy of Science, Bangalore University (India)

Denis Fesenko Junior Research Fellow, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia)

Sergey I. Vdovenko Senior Research Assistant, Department of Fine Organic Synthesis Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences (Ukraine)

Henry Schaefer Director, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry University of Georgia

Paul Ashby Ph.D. Chemistry Harvard University

Israel Hanukoglu Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chairman The College of Judea and Samaria (Israel)

Alan Linton Emeritus Professor of Bacteriology University of Bristol (UK)

Dean Kenyon Emeritus Professor of Biology San Francisco State University

David W. Forslund Ph.D. Astrophysics, Princeton University Fellow of American Physical Society

Robert W. Bass Ph.D. Mathematics (also: Rhodes Scholar; Post-Doc at Princeton) Johns Hopkins University

John Hey Associate Clinical Prof. (also: Fellow, American Geriatrics Society) Dept. of Family Medicine, Univ. of Mississippi

Daniel W. Heinze Ph.D. Geophysics (also: Post-Doc Fellow, Carnegie Inst. of Washington) Texas A&M University

Richard Anderson Assistant Professor of Environmental Science and Policy Duke University

David Chapman* Senior Scientist Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Giuseppe Sermonti Professor of Genetics, Ret. (Editor, Rivista di Biologia/Biology Forum) University of Perugia (Italy)

Stanley Salthe Emeritus Professor Biological Sciences Brooklyn College of the City University of New York

Marcos N. Eberlin Professor, The State University of Campinas (Brazil) Member, Brazilian Academy of Science

Bernard d'Abrera Visiting Scholar, Department of Entomology British Museum (Natural History)

Mae-Wan Ho Ph.D. Biochemistry The University of Hong Kong

Donald Ewert Ph.D. Microbiology University of Georgia

Russell Carlson Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Georgia

Scott Minnich Professor, Dept of Microbiology, Molecular Biology & Biochemistry University of Idaho

Jeffrey Schwartz Assoc. Res. Psychiatrist, Dept. of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences University of California, Los Angeles

Alexander F. Pugach Ph.D. Astrophysics Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Ukraine)

Ralph Seelke Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Wisconsin, Superior

Annika Parantainen Ph.D. Biology University of Turku (Finland)

Fred Schroeder Ph.D. Marine Geology Columbia University

David Snoke Associate Professor of Physics & Astronomy University of Pittsburgh

Frank Tipler Prof. of Mathematical Physics Tulane University

John A. Davison Emeritus Associate Professor of Biology University of Vermont

James Tour Chao Professor of Chemistry Rice University

Pablo Yepes Research Associate Professor of Physics & Astronomy Rice University

David Bolender Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy Medical College of Wisconsin

Leo Zacharski Professor of Medicine Dartmouth Medical School

Michael Behe Professor of Biological Science Lehigh University

Michael Atchison Professor of Biochemistry University of Pennsylvania, Vet School

Thomas G. Guilliams Ph.D. Molecular Biology The Medical College of Wisconsin

Arthur B. Robinson Professor of Chemistry Oregon Institute of Science & Medicine

Joel Adams Professor of Computer Science Calvin College

Abraham S. Feigenbaum Ph.D. Nutritional Biochemistry Rutgers University

Kevin Farmer Adjunct Assistant Professor (Ph.D. Scientific Methodology) University of Oklahoma

Neal Adrian Ph.D. Microbiology University of Oklahoma

Ge Wang Professor of Radiology & Biomedical Engineering University of Iowa

Moorad Alexanian Professor of Physics University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Richard Spencer Professor (Ph.D. Stanford) University of California, Davis, Solid-State Circuits Research Laboratory

Braxton Alfred Emeritus Professor, Anthropology University of British Columbia (Canada)

R. Craig Henderson Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering Tennessee Tech University

Wesley Allen Professor of Computational Quantum Chemistry University of Georgia

James Pierre Hauck Professor of Physics & Astronomy University of San Diego

Mark Apkarian Ph.D. Exercise Physiology University of New Mexico

Eshan Dias Ph.D. Chemical Engineering King’s College, Cambridge University (UK)

Joseph Atkinson Ph.D. Organic Chemistry MIT

Dennis Dean Rathman Staff Scientist MIT Lincoln Laboratory

Richard Austin Assoc. Prof. & Chair, Biology & Natural Sciences Piedmont College

Raymond C. Mjolsness Ph.D. Physics Princeton University

John Baumgardner Ph.D. Geophysics & Space Physics University of California, Los Angeles

Glenn R. Johnson Adjunct Professor of Medicine University of North Dakota School of Medicine

George Bennett Associate Professor of Chemistry Millikin University

Robert L. Waters Lecturer, College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology

David Berlinski Ph.D. Philosophy Princeton University

James Robert Dickens Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University

Phillip Bishop Professor of Kinesiology University of Alabama

Jeffrey M. Jones Professor Emeritus in Medicine (Ph.D. Microbiology and M.D.) University of Wisconsin-Madison

Donald R. Mull Ph.D. Physiology University of Pittsburgh

John Bloom Ph.D. Physics Cornell University

William Dembski Ph.D. Mathematics University of Chicago

Ben J. Stuart Ph.D. Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Rutgers University

Raymond Bohlin Ph.D. Molecular & Cell Biology University of Texas, Dallas

Christa R. Koval Ph.D. Chemistry University of Colorado at Boulder

John Bordelon Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

David Richard Carta Ph.D. Bio-Engineering University of California, San Diego

Lydia G. Thebeau Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Biology Saint Louis University

David Bossard Ph. D. Mathematics Dartmouth College

Robert W. Kelley Ph.D. Entomology Clemson University

David Bourell Professor Mechanical Engineering University of Texas, Austin

Carlos M. Murillo Professor of Medicine (Neurosurgery) Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Walter Bradley Distinguished Professor of Engineering Baylor University

Sami Palonen Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry University of Helsinki (Finland)

John Brejda Ph.D. Agronomy University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Bradley R. Johnson Ph.D. Materials Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Rudolf Brits Ph.D. Nuclear Chemistry University of Stellenbosch (South Africa)

Gary Kastello Ph.D. Biology University of Wisonsin-Milwaukee

Frederick Brooks Kenan Professor of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Omer Faruk Noyan Assistant Professor (Ph.D. Paleontology) Celal Bayar University (Turkey)

Neil Broom Associate Professor, Chemical & Materials Engineering University of Auckland (New Zealand)

Malcolm D. Chisholm Ph.D. Insect Ecology (M.A. Zoology, Oxford University) University of Bristol (UK)

John Brown Research Meteorologist National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Joseph A. Kunicki Associate Professor of Mathematics The University of Findlay

John Brumbaugh Emeritus Professor of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Thomas M. Stackhouse Ph.D. Biochemistry University of California, Davis

Nancy Bryson Associate Professor of Chemistry Mississippi University for Women

Walter L. Starkey Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering The Ohio State University

Donald Calbreath Professor, Department of Chemistry Whitworth College

Pingnan Shi Ph.D. Electrical Engineering (Artificial Neural Networks) University of British Columbia (Canada)

John B. Cannon Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Princeton University

John L. Burba Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Baylor University

Stephen J. Cheesman Ph.D. Geophysics University of Toronto

Mike Forward Ph.D. Applied Mathematics (Chaos Theory) Imperial College, University of London (UK)

Lowell D. White Industrial Hygiene Specialist (Ph.D. Epidemiology) University of New Mexico

Brian Landrum Associate Professor of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama, Huntsville

David Chambers Physicist Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Michael T. Goodrich Professor of Computer Science University of California, Irvine

T. Timothy Chen Ph.D. Statistics University of Chicago

Sarah M. Williams Ph.D. Environmental Engineering (emphasis in microbiology) Stanford University

Donald Clark Ph.D. Physical Biochemistry Louisiana State University

John Frederick Zino Ph.D. Nuclear Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Shing-Yan Chiu Professor of Physiology University of Wisconsin, Madison

Todd A. Anderson Ph.D. Computer Science University of Kentucky

John Cimbala Professor of Mechanical Engineering Pennsylvania State University

Chris Swanson Tutor (Ph.D. Physics, University of Oregon) Gutenberg College

Kieran Clements Assistant Professor, Natural Sciences Toccoa Falls College

Jan Chatham Ph.D. Neurophysiology University of North Texas

George A. Gates Emeritus Emeritus Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington

John Cogdell Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Texas, Austin

David R. Beaucage Ph.D. Mathematics State University of New York at Stony Brook

Leon Combs Professor & Chair, Chemistry & Biochemistry Kennesaw State University

Laraba P. Kendig Ph.D. Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan

Nicholas Comninellis Associate Professor of Community and Family Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas City

Stephen Crouse Professor of Kinesiology Texas A&M University

Cham Dallas Professor, Pharmaceutics & Biomedical Science University of Georgia

Charles N. Verheyden Professor of Surgery Texas A&M College of Medicine

Melody Davis Ph.D. Chemistry Princeton University

Thomas Deahl Ph.D. Radiation Biology The University of Iowa

Robert DeHaan Ph.D. Human Development University of Chicago

Gage Blackstone Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Texas A&M University

Harold Delaney Professor of Psychology University of New Mexico

Jonathan C. Boomgaarden Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin

William Bordeaux Chair, Department of Natural & Mathematical Science Huntington College

Michael Delp Professor of Physiology Texas A&M University

Keith F. Conner Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Clemson University

David DeWitt Associate Professor of Biology Liberty University

Aaron J. Miller Ph.D. Physics Stanford University

Gary Dilts Ph.D. Mathematical Physics University of Colorado

Gerald Chubb Associate Professor of Aviation Ohio State University

Robert DiSilvestro Ph.D. Biochemistry Texas A & M University

Daniel Dix Associate Professor of Mathematics University of South Carolina

Allison Dobson Assistant Professor, Chemistry Georgia Southern University

David Prentice Professor, Department of Life Sciences Indiana State University

Kenneth Dormer Ph.D. Biology & Physiology University of California, Los Angeles

Ernest Prabhakar Ph.D. Experimental Particle Physics California Institute of Technology

John Doughty Ph.D. Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona

Jeanne Drisko Clinical Assistant Professor of Alternative Medicine University of Kansas, School of Medicine

Robert Eckel Professor of Medicine, Physiology & Biophysics University of Colorado Health Sciences Center

Seth Edwards Associate Professor of Geology University of Texas, El Paso

Eduard F. Schmitter Ph.D. Astronomy University of Wisconsin

Lee Eimers Professor of Physics & Mathematics Cedarville University

William J. Hedden Ph.D. Geology Missouri University of Science & Technology

Daniel Ely Professor, Biology University of Akron

Pattle Pun Professor of Biology Wheaton College

Thomas English Adjunct Professor of Physics & Engineering Palomar College

Rosalind Picard Sc.D. Electrical Engineering & Computer Science MIT

Danielle Dalafave Associate Professor of Physics The College of New Jersey

Richard Erdlac Ph.D. Structural Geology University of Texas (Austin)

Michael C. Reynolds Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas-Fort Smith

Bruce Evans Ph.D. Neurobiology Emory University

Gary Achtemeier Ph.D. Meteorology Florida State University

William Everson Ph.D. Human Physiology Penn State College of Medicine

Susan L.M. Huck Ph.D. Geology/Geography Clark University

James Florence Associate Professor, Department of Public Health East Tennessee State University

Douglas R. Buck Ph.D. Nutrition and Food Sciences Utah State University Fellow, American College of Nutrition

Margaret Flowers Professor of Biology Wells College

Étienne Windisch Ph.D. Engineering McGill University (Canada)

Mark Foster Ph.D. Chemical Engineering University of Minnesota

Suzanne Sawyer Vincent Ph.D. Physiology & Biophysics University of Washington

Clarence Fouche Professor of Biology Virginia Intermont College

Robert Blomgren Ph.D. Mathematics University of Minnesota

Kenneth French Chairman, Division of Natural Science Blinn College

Richard N. Taylor Professor of Information & Computer Science University of California, Irvine

Stephen C. Knowles Ph.D. Marine Science University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Marvin Fritzler Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Calgary Medical School (Canada)

Mark L. Psiaki Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (Ph.D., Princeton) Cornell University

Walter E. Lillo Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Purdue University

Mark Fuller Ph.D. Microbiology University of California, Davis

Daniel Galassini Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University

Stanley E. Zager Professor Emeritus, Chemical Engineering Youngstown State University

Andrew Fong Ph.D. Chemistry Indiana University

John Garth Ph.D. Physics University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana

John K. G. Kramer Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Human Biology & Nutrition Sciences University of Guelph (Canada)

Glen O. Brindley Professor of Surgery, Director of Ophthalmology Scott & White Clinic, Texas A&M University H.S.C.

Ann Gauger Ph.D. Zoology University of Washington

Pamela Faith Fahey Ph.D. Physiology & Biophysics University of Illinois

Paul Brown Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies Trinity Western University (Canada)

Mark Geil Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering Ohio State University

Ibrahim Barsoum Ph.D. Microbiology The George Washington University

Jim Gibson Ph.D. Biology Loma Linda University

John W. Balliet Ph.D. Molecular & Cellular Biology University of Pennsylvania,

Post-doctoral Fellowship, Harvard Medical School

William Gilbert Emeritus Professor of Biology Simpson College

Joe R. Eagleman Professor Emeritus, Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Kansas

Dexter F. Speck Associate Professor of Physiology University of Kentucky Medical Center

Warren Gilson Associate Professor, Dairy Science University of Georgia

Raul Leguizamon Professor of Medicine (Pathology) Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Steven Gollmer Ph.D. Atmospheric Science Purdue University

Sun Uk Kim Ph.D. Biochemical Engineering University of Delaware

Gene B. Chase Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science (Ph.D. Cornell) Messiah College

Chris Grace Associate Professor of Psychology Biola University

James A. Ellard, Sr. Ph.D. Chemistry University of Kentucky

Richard Gunasekera Ph.D. Biochemical Genetics Baylor University

Jennifer M. Cohen Ph.D. Mathematical Physics New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Russel Peak Senior Researcher, Engineering Information Systems Georgia Institute of Technology

Graham Gutsche Emeritus Professor of Physics U.S. Naval Academy

Olivia A. Henderson Ph.D. Pharmaceutics University of Missouri, Kansas City

Dan Hale Professor of Animal Science Texas A&M University

Robert L. Jones Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Irvine

James Harbrecht Clinical Associate Professor, Division of Cardiology University of Kansas Medical Center

George W. Benthien Ph.D. Mathematics Carnegie Mellon University

James Harman Associate Chair, Dept. of Chemistry & Biochemistry Texas Tech University

Frederick T. Zugibe Emeritus Adjunct Associate Professor of Pathology Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

William Harris Ph.D. Nutritional Biochemistry University of Minnesota

Thomas H. Johnson Ph.D. Mathematics University of Maryland

Paul Hausgen Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Gregory A. Snyder Ph.D. Geochemistry Colorado School of Mines

Walter Hearn Ph.D. Biochemistry University of Illinois

Howard Martin Whitcraft Ph.D. Mathematics University of St. Louis

Nolan Hertel Professor, Nuclear & Radiological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Joseph Francis Associate Professor of Biology Cedarville University

Roland Hirsch Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry University of Michigan

Todd Peterson Ph.D. Plant Physiology University of Rhode Island

Charles Edward Norman Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Carleton University (Canada)

Dewey Hodges Professor, Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

James P. Russum Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Marko Horb Ph.D. Cell & Developmental Biology State University of New York

Joe Watkins Military Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering United States Military Academy

Barton Houseman Emeritus Professor of Chemistry Goucher College

Mark Pritt Ph.D. Mathematics Yale University

Edward Peltzer Ph.D. Oceanography University of California, San Diego (Scripps Institute)

Cornelius Hunter Ph.D. Biophysics University of Illinois

Rodney Ice Principle Research Scientist, Nuclear & Radiological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Malcolm W. MacArthur Ph.D. Molecular Biophysics University of London (UK)

Rafe Payne Ph.D. Biology University of Nebraska

Muzaffar Iqbal Ph.D. Chemistry University of Saskatchewan (Canada)

Mark P. Bowman Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Pennsylvania State University

David L. Elliott Chair, Division of Natural Sciences/Mathematics Louisiana College

David Ives Emeritus Professor of Biochemistry Ohio State University

Amiel Jarstfer Associate Professor of Biology LeTourneau University

Stephan J. G. Gift Professor of Electrical Engineering The University of the West Indies

Tony Jelsma Ph.D. Biochemistry McMaster University (Canada)

Fred Johnson Ph.D. Pathology Vanderbilt University

Raleigh R. White, IV Professor of Surgery Texas A&M University, College of Medicine

Jerry Johnson Ph.D. Pharmacology & Toxicology Purdue University

Harold D. Cole Professor of Physiology Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Yongsoon Park Ph.D. Nutritional Biochemistry Washington State University

Richard Johnson Professor of Chemistry LeTourneau University

David Hagen Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota

David Johnson Associate Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology Duquesne University

Jay Hollman Assistant Clinical Professor of Cardiology Louisiana State University Health Science Center

Lawrence Johnston Emeritus Professor of Physics University of Idaho

Albert J. Starshak Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Illinois Institute of Technology

Robert Jones Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas-Pan America

Scott T. Dreher Ph.D. Geology (Royal Society USA Research Fellow) University of Alaska, Fairbanks

David Jones Professor of Biochemistry & Chair of Chemistry Grove City College

Robert Kaita Ph.D. Nuclear Physics Rutgers University

Kenneth Demarest Professor of Electrical Engineering University of Kansas

Edwin Karlow Chair, Department of Physics LaSierra University

Francis M. Donahue Professor Emeritus, Chemical Engineering The University of Michigan

James Keener Professor of Mathematics & Adjunct of Bioengineering University of Utah

Shawn Wright Ph.D. Crop Science North Carolina State University

Douglas Keil Ph.D. Plasma Physics University of Wisconsin, Madison

Dave Finnegan Staff Member (Ph.D. Chemistry, University of Maryland) Los Alamos National Laboratory

Micheal Kelleher Ph.D. Biophysical Chemistry University of Ibadan (Nigeria)

Christine B. Beaucage Ph.D. Mathematics State University of New York at Stony Brook

Rebecca Keller Research Professor, Department of Chemistry University of New Mexico

Gerald E. Hoyer Retired Forrest Scientist (Ph.D. Silviculture, University of Washington) Washington State Department of Natural Resources

Michael Kent Ph.D. Materials Science University of Minnesota

William A. Eckert, III Ph.D. Cell & Molecular Physiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Richard Kinch Ph.D. Computer Science Cornell University

Irfan Yilmaz Professor of Biology (Ph.D. Systematic Zoology) Dokuz Eylul University (Turkey)

Bretta King Assistant Professor of Chemistry Spelman College

Mauricio Alcocer Director of Graduate Studies (Ph.D. Plant Science, University of Idaho) Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

R. Barry King Prof. of Environmental Safety & Health Albuquerque Technical Vocational Institute

Hiroshi Ishii M.D., Ph.D. Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University (Japan)

Michael Kinnaird Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Lasse Uotila M.D., Ph.D. Medicinal Biochemistry University of Helsinki (Finland)

Donald Kobe Professor of Physics University of North Texas, Denton

Martin Emery Ph.D. Chemistry University of Southampton (UK)

Charles Koons Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of Minnesota

Miguel A. Rodriguez Undergraduate Lab. Coordinator for Biochemistry University of Ottawa (Canada)

Carl Koval Full Professor, Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Colorado, Boulder

Magda Narciso Leite Professor, College of Pharmacy & Biochemistry Universidade Federal de Juiz de For a (Brazil)

Bruce Krogh Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University

Tetsuichi Takagi Senior Research Scientist Geological Survey of Japan

Daniel Kuebler Ph.D. Molecular & Cellular Biology University of California, Berkeley

William Notz Professor of Statistics Ohio State University

Wesley Nyborg Emeritus Professor of Physics University of Vermont

Peter William Holyland Ph.D. Geology University of Queensland (Australia)

Paul Kuld Associate Professor of Biological Science Biola University

Douglas B. Matthews Associate Professor of Neuroscience Baylor University

Heather Kuruvilla Ph.D. Biological Sciences State University of New York, Buffalo

Nancy L. Swanson Ph.D. Physics Florida State University

Martin LaBar Ph. D. Genetics & Zoology University of Wisconsin, Madison

William B. Hart Assistant Professor of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Teresa Larranaga Ph.D. Pharmacology University of New Mexico

Yuri Zharikov Post-Doctoral Research Fellow (Ph.D. Zoology) Simon Fraser University (Canada)

Ronald Larson Professor and Chair of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan

Wolfgang Hutter Ph.D. Chemistry University of Ulm (Germany)

Robert Lattimer Ph.D. Chemistry University of Kansas, Lawrence

Robert J. Graham Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Iowa State University

M. Harold Laughlin Professor & Chair, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Missouri

Samuel C. Winchester Klopman Distinguished Professor Emeritus (Ph.D. Princeton) North Carolina State University

George Lebo Associate Professor of Astronomy University of Florida

Kurt J. Henle Professor Emeritus (Ph.D. Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania) University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

J.B. Lee Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering University of Texas, Dallas

James O. Dritt Ph.D. Civil Engineering & Environmental Science University of Oklahoma

Matti Leisola Professor, Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering Helsinki University of Technology

Manuel Garcia Ulloa Gomez Director of Marine Sciences Laboratory Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

E. Lennard Sc. D. Surgical Infections & Immunology University of Cincinnati

Glen E. Deal Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Florida Institute of Technology

Lane Lester Ph.D. Genetics Purdue University

Paul Whitehead Ph.D. Chemical Thermodynamics University of Natal (South Africa)

Catherine Lewis Ph.D. Geophysics Colorado School of Mines

John R. Goltz Ph.D. Electrical Engineering University of Arizona

Peter Line Ph.D. Neuroscience Swinburne University of Technology (Australia)

Gerald P. Bodey Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Former Chairman Department of Medical Specialties, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Garrick Little Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Texas A & M University

John Nichols Ph.D. Mathematics University of Tennessee

Mark Bearden Ph.D. Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University

Harry Lubansky Ph.D. Biological Chemistry University of Illinois, Chicago

Daniel L. Moran Ph.D. Molecular & Cellular Biology Ohio University Fulbright Scholar

Ken Ludema Emeritus Professor of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan

Jed Macosko Ph.D. Chemistry University of California, Berkeley

Nigel Surridge Ph.D. Electrochemistry & Photochemistry University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Christopher Macosko Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Princeton University

David Keller Associate Professor of Chemistry University of New Mexico

Allen Magnuson Ph. D. Theoretical & Applied Mechanics University of New Hampshire

Amy Ward Ph.D. Mathematics Clemson University

Donald Mahan Professor of Animal Nutrition Ohio State University

Shane A. Kasten Post-Doctoral Fellow (Ph.D. Biochemistry, Kansas State University) Virginia Commonwealth University

Robert Marks Professor, Signal & Image Processing University of Washington

Jesus Ambriz Professor of Medicine Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Julie Marshall Ph.D. Chemistry Texas Tech University

Jay L. Wile Ph.D. Nuclear Chemistry University of Rochester

David McClellan Assistant Professor of Family & Community Medicine Texas A&M University College of Medicine

Evgeny Shirokov Faculty Lecturer (Nuclear and Particle Physics) Moscow State University (Russia)

Andy McIntosh Full Professor of Thermodynamics and Combustion Theory University of Leeds (UK)

Mark A. Robinson Ph.D. Environmental Science Lacrosse University

Tom McMullen Ph.D. History & Philosophy of Science Indiana University

Martin Poenie Associate Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Texas, Austin

Haim Shore Professor of Quality and Reliability Engineering (Ph.D. Statistics) Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (Israel)

Tony Mega Ph.D. Biochemistry Purdue University

Carl Poppe Ph.D. Physics University of Wisconsin

James Menart Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering Wright State University

Theodor Liss Ph.D. Chemistry MIT

James Keesling Professor of Mathematics University of Florida

Brian Miller Ph.D. Physics Duke University

Christopher D. Beling Associate Professor of Physics The University of Hong Kong (China)

Art Nitz Ph.D. Anatomy & Neurobiology University of Kentucky

Thomas Milner Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering University of Texas, Austin

David Ness Ph.D. Anthropology Temple University

Forrest Mims Atmospheric Researcher Geronimo Creek Observatory

S. W. Pelletier* Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Chemistry University of Georgia, Athens

Paul Missel Ph.D. Physics MIT

Dónal O'Mathúna Ph.D. Pharmacognosy Ohio State University

Lennart Möller Professor, Center for Nutrition & Toxicology Karolinska Institute

Victoriano Saenz Professor of Medicine Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

David Monson Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry Indiana University

Hugh Nutley* Professor Emeritus of Physics & Engineering Seattle Pacific University

Terry Morrison Ph.D. Chemistry Syracuse University

Bijan Nemati Ph.D. High Energy Physics University of Washington

William Russell Belding Ph.D. Mathematics University of Notre Dame

Bridget Ingham Ph.D. Physics Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand)

Paul Nesselroade Associate Professor of Experimental Psychology Asbury College

Kevin L. Kendig Ph.D. Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan

Robert Newman Ph.D. Astrophysics Cornell University

Angus Menuge Ph.D. Philosophy of Psychology University of Wisconsin-Madison

Khawar Sohail Siddiqui Senior Research Associate (Protein Chemistry) University of New South Wales (Australia)

Janet Parker Professor of Medical Physiology Texas A&M University, Health Science Center

Scott Northrup Chair and Professor of Chemistry Tennessee Tech University

John Omdahl* Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of New Mexico

Fazale Rana Ph.D. Chemistry Ohio University

Rebecca Orr Ph.D. Cell Biology University of Texas, Southwestern

Cevat Babuna Professor Emeritus of Gynecology (Post-doc, University of Chicago) Istanbul University (Turkey)

Lawrence Overzet Professor of Engineering & Computer Science University of Texas, Dallas

J. Meredith Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Siddarth Pandey Assistant Professor of Chemistry New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Gordon Mills Emeritus Professor of Biochemistry University of Texas, Medical Branch

A. Clyde Hill Ph.D. Soil Chemistry Rutgers University

Stephen Meyer Ph.D. Philosophy of Science Cambridge University

William Purcell Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Princeton University

Paul Randolph Ph.D. Mathematical Statistics University of Minnesota

Christopher Morbey Astronomer (Ret.) Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada

David Reed Ph.D Entomology University of California, Riverside

Charles D. Johnson Ph.D. Chemistry University of Minnesota

J. Ishizaki Associate Professor of Neuropsychology (M.D., Ph.D. Medicine) Kobe Gakuin University (Japan)

David Rogstad Ph.D. Physics California Institute of Technology

Mark Shlapobersky Ph.D. Virology Bar-Ilan University (Israel)

Arthur John Jones Ph.D. Zoology & Comparative Physiology Birmingham University (UK)

Patricia Reiff Director, Rice Space Institute Rice University

Oleh Havrysh Senior Research Assistant, Protein & Peptide Structure & Function Dept. Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry & Petrochemistry

Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences (Ukraine)

W. Christopher Schroeder Associate Professor of Mathematics Morehead State University

Gail H. Allwine Professor of Electrical Engineering (retired) Gonzaga University

Dan Reynolds Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of Texas, Austin

Andrew Steckley Ph.D. Civil Engineering University of Western Ontario (Canada)

Terry Rickard Ph.D. Engineering Physics University of California, San Diego

Arlen W. Siert Ph.D. Environmental Health Colorado State University

Mubashir Hanif Ph.D. Plant Biology University of Helsinki (Finland)

Eliot Roberts Ph.D. Soil Chemistry Rutgers University

Mario Beauregard Associate Researcher, Department of Psychology (Ph.D. Neuroscience) University of Montreal (Canada)

Quinton Rogers Prof. of Physiological Chemistry, Dept. of Molecular Biosciences Univ. of California, Davis, School of Vet. Medicine

Liang Hong Associate Professor, Dept. of Dental Public Health & Behavioral Science University of Missouri—Kansas City

Daniel Romo Professor of Chemistry Texas A&M University

David Sabatini Professor Civil Engineering & Environmental Science University of Oklahoma

Richard Buggs DPhil Plant Ecology & Evolution Oxford University (UK)

Theodore Saito Ph.D. Physics Pennsylvania State University

Kay Roscoe Ph.D. High Energy Particle Physics University of Manchester (UK)

Thomas Saleska Professor of Biology Concordia University

James F. Drake Ph.D. Atmospheric Science University of California, Los Angeles

Fernando Saravi Professor, Department of Morphology and Physiology Med. Sciences School, Univ. Nacional de Cuyo (Argentina)

Harold Toups Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Louisiana State University

Phillip Savage Professor of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan

Seyyed Imran Husnain Ph.D. Bacterial Genetics University of Sheffield (UK)

Dale Schaefer Professor, Materials Science & Engineering University of Cincinnati

Russell C. Healey Ph.D. Electrical Engineering University of Cambridge (UK)

Siegfried Scherer Professor of Microbial Ecology Technische Universität München

Stuart C. Burgess Professor of Design & Nature, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Bristol University (UK)

Norman Schmidt Professor of Chemistry Georgia Southern University

Steve Maxwell Associate Professor of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Texas A&M University, H.S.C.

Rowan Seymour Ph.D. Computer Science Queen’s University, Belfast (Northern Ireland)

Andrew Schmitz Ph.D. Inorganic Chemistry University of Iowa

Anne E. Vravick Ph.D. Environmental Toxicology University of Wisconsin, Madison

Granville Sewell Professor of Mathematics University of Texas, El Paso

Richard A. Strong Ph.D. Chemistry Northeastern University

Marshall Adams Ph.D. Marine Sciences University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Stephen Sewell Assistant Professor of Family Medicine Texas A&M University

Mark C. Biedebach Professor Emeritus of Physiology California State University, Long Beach

Gregory Shearer Ph.D. Physiology University of California, Davis

Douglas Nelson Rose Research Physicist United States Army

David Shormann Ph.D. Limnology Texas A&M University

Paul Lorenzini Ph.D. Nuclear Engineering Oregon State University

Dale Spence Emeritus Professor of Kinesiology Rice University

David W. Dykstra Ph.D. Computer Science University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Arnold Sikkema Associate Professor of Physics Dordt College

Larry S. Helmick Senior Professor of Chemistry Cedarville University

Georgia Purdom Ph.D. Molecular Genetics Ohio State University

John Silvius Ph.D. Plant Physiology West Virginia University

Philip S. Taylor Research Fellow, Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast (UK)

Fred Skiff Professor of Physics University of Iowa

Giulio D. Guerra First Researcher of the Italian National Research Council (Chemistry) Istituto Materiali Compositi e Biomedici, CNR (Italy)

Ken Smith Professor of Mathematics Central Michigan University

Audris Zidermanis Ph.D. Nutrition & Molecular Biology Texas Woman’s University

Jacquelyn W. McClelland Professor (Ph.D. Nutritional Biochemistry) North Carolina State University, NCCE

Robert Smith Professor of Chemistry University of Nebraska, Omaha

Fred Van Dyke Professor of Biology and Chair of the Biology Department Wheaton College (Illinois)

Ian C. Fuller Senior Lecturer in Physical Geography Massey University (New Zealand)

Wolfgang Smith Emeritus Professor of Mathematics Oregon State University

Wayne L. Cook Ph.D. Inorganic Chemistry University of Kentucky

John Stamper Research Physicist Naval Research Laboratory

Alfred Tang Visiting Scholar (Ph.D. Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison) The Chinese University of Hong Kong (China)

Jeffrey L. Vaughn Ph.D. Engineering University of California, Irvine

Timothy Standish Ph.D. Environmental Biology George Mason University

Robert W. Kopitzke Professor of Chemistry Winona State University

William Hankley Professor of Computer Science Kansas State University

Walt Stangl Associate Professor of Mathematics Biola University

John C. Walton Professor of Reactive Chemistry (Ph.D. & D.Sc.) University of St. Andrews (UK)

Fellow Royal Society of Chemistry

Fellow Royal Society of Edinburgh

Karl Stephan Associate Professor, Dept. of Technology Texas State University, San Marcos

Cahit Babuna Ph.D. Radiology Istanbul University (Turkey)
Richard Sternberg Ph.D. Biology (Molecular Evolution) Florida International University

Also: Ph.D. Systems Science (Theoretical Biology) Binghamton University
Reid W. Castrodale P.E., Ph.D. Structural Engineering University of Texas, Austin

Michael Strauss Associate Professor of Physics University of Oklahoma

Jason David Ward Ph.D. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Glasgow University (UK)

Scott A. Renner Ph.D. Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

John Studenroth Ph.D. Plant Pathology Cornell University

Peter M. Rowell D.Phil. Physics University of Oxford (UK)

Mark Swanson Ph.D. Biochemistry University of Illinois

João Jorge Ribeiro Soares Gonçalves de Araújo, Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics Open University (Portugal)

Rafi Ahmed Ph.D. Computer Science University of Florida

James Swanson Professor of Biological Sciences Old Dominion University

Wade Warren C.J. Cavanaugh Chair in Biology Louisiana College

Justin Holl Ph.D. Animal Science University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Bela Szilagyi Ph.D. Physics University of Pittsburgh

Richard Mann Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Princeton University

Daniel Tedder Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Derek Linkens Senior Research Fellow and Emeritus Professor (Biomedical Eng.) University of Sheffield (UK)

Charles Thaxton Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Iowa State University

Lee M. Spetner Ph.D. Physics MIT

Christopher L. Thomas Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry University of South Carolina

Douglas C. Youvan Former Associate Professor of Chemistry (Ph.D., U.C., Berkeley) MIT

Sture Blomberg Associate Professor of Anesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine The Sahlgren University Hospital (Sweden)

Pavithran Thomas Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Ohio State University

Leonard Loose Ph.D. Botany University of Leeds (UK)

Richard Thompson Ph.D. Computer Science University of Connecticut

D. Albrey Arrington Ph.D. Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University

Stephen Lloyd Ph.D. Materials Science University of Cambridge (UK)

James R. Thompson Noah Harding Professor of Statistics Rice University

Denis M. Boyle Ph.D. Medical Biochemistry University of Witwatersrand (South Africa)

Ide Trotter Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Princeton University

Kevin E. Spaulding Ph.D. Optical Engineering University of Rochester

Royal Truman Ph.D. Organic Chemistry Michigan State University

Robert VanderVennen Ph.D. Physical Chemistry Michigan State University

Tibor Tóth Professor of Product Information Engineering (D.Sc. Hungarian Academy) University of Miskolc (Hungary)

Nigel E. Robinson Ph.D. Molecular Biology University of Nottingham (UK)

Vincente Villa Emeritus Professor of Biology Southwestern University

Margil Wadley Ph.D. Inorganic Chemistry Purdue University

Clifton L. Kehr Ph.D. Chemistry University of Delaware

Carston Wagner Associate Professor of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota

Karl Heinz Kienitz Professor, Department of Systems & Control Instituto Technologico de Aeronautica (Brazil)

Linda Walkup Ph.D. Molecular Genetics University of New Mexico Medical School

James Tumlin Associate Professor of Medicine Emory University

David Van Dyke Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry University of Illinois, Urbana

John Walkup Emeritus Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas Tech University

Tom Belanger Professor of Environmental Science Florida Institute of Technology

Pieder Beeli Ph.D. Physics University of Notre Dame

Robert Waltzer Associate Professor of Biology Belhaven College

James R. Brawer Professor of Anatomy & Cell Biology (Ph.D., Harvard) McGill University (Canada)

Todd Watson Assistant Professor of Urban & Community Forestry Texas A & M University

Weimin Gao Microbiologist Brookhaven National Laboratory

Woody Weed Mechanical Engineer, Science & Technology Division Sandia National Labs

Heikki Martikka Professor of Machine Design Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland)

Gerald Wegner Ph.D. Entomology Loyola University

Richard R. Neptune Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas, Austin

Jonathan Wells Ph.D. Molecular & Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley

Alexandre S. Soares Ph.D. Mathematics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Robert Wentworth Ph.D. Toxicology University of Georgia

James Wanliss Associate Professor of Physics Embry-Riddle University

Einar W. Palm Professor Emeritus, Department of Plant Pathology University of Missouri, Columbia

R. P. Wharton Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Sandra Gade Emeritus Professor of Physics University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh

Elden Whipple Affiliate Professor of Earth & Space Sciences University of Washington

Chee K. Yap Professor of Computer Science (Ph.D., Yale University) Courant Institute, New York University

Mark White Professor of Chemical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Charles Detwiler Ph.D. Genetics Cornell University

Terrance Murphy Professor of Chemistry Weill Cornell Medical College

Ed Neeland Professor of Chemistry Okanagan University

Gregg Wilkerson Ph.D. Geologic Science University of Texas, El Paso

Joseph M. Marra Director, Interventional Radiology, & Adjunct Professor of Medicine Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center

Ken Pascoe Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology

John H. Whitmore Associate Professor of Geology Cedarville University

Ernest L. Brannon Professor Emeritus, Distinguished Research Professor (Ph.D. Fisheries) University of Idaho

Miroslav Hill Former Director of Research Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)

Christopher Williams Ph.D. Biochemistry Ohio State University

Georg A. Speck Ph.D. Biology, Molecular Pharmacology University of Heidelberg (Germany)

J. Mitch Wolff Professor of Mechanical Engineering Wright State University

Thomas D. Gillespie Research Professor Emeritus Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan

John Worraker Ph.D. Applied Mathematics University of Bristol (UK)

Alexander Yankovsky Assistant Professor of Physical Oceanography Nova Southeastern University

John C. Zink Former Assistant Professor of Engineering University of Oklahoma

Patrick Young Ph.D. Chemistry Ohio University

David Zartman Ph.D. Genetics & Animal Breeding Ohio State University

Charles T. Rombough Ph.D. Engineering University of Texas

Henry Zuill Emeritus Professor of Biology Union College

Jane M. Orient Clinical Lecturer in Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine

Frank Young Ph.D. Computer Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology

Murray E. Moore Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University

William J. Powers Ph.D. Physics University California, San Diego

Max G. Walter Associate Professor of Radiology Oklahoma University Health Science Center

Rosa María Muñoz Head of Biopharmacy Department Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Scott R. Fulton Ph.D. Atmospheric Science Colorado State University

Don Olson Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry Purdue University

Graham Marshall Ph.D. Analytical Chemistry University of Pretoria (South Africa)

Philip R. Page Ph.D. Theoretical Particle Physics University of Oxford (UK)

Roger Wiens Ph.D. Physics University of Minnesota

Mark Toleman Ph.D. Molecular Microbiology Bristol University (UK)

Robert O. Kalbach Ph.D. Physical Chemistry University of South Florida

Gregory J. Brewer Prof. of Neurology, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Neil Huber Dr. rer. nat. (Ph.D. Anthropology) Tuebingen University

Marc C. Daniels Assistant Professor of Biology William Carey College

J.D. Moolenburgh Ph.D. Epidemiology University of Rotterdam (The Netherlands)

Roger Lien Ph.D. Physiology North Carolina State University

Dean Schulz Ph.D. Computer Science Colorado State University

John Millam Ph.D. Computational Chemistry Rice University

Joseph Lary Epidemiologist and Research Biologist (retired) Centers for Disease Control

Richard S. Beale, Jr. Ph.D. Entomology University of California, Berkeley

Ernest M. Thiessen Ph.D. Civil & Environmental Engineering Cornell University

Tianyou Wang Research Scientist Center for Advanced Studies in Measurement & Assessment, University of Iowa

Øyvind A. Voie Ph.D. Biology University of Oslo (Norway)

David K. Shortess Professor of Biology (Retired) New Mexico Tech

A.D. Harrison Emeritus Professor of Biology University of Waterloo

William P. Shulaw Professor of Veterinary Preventive Medicine The Ohio State University

Darrell R. Parnell Ph. D. University Level Science Education Kansas State University

Daniel W. Barnette Ph. D. Aerospace Engineering Stanford University

David William Jensen Professor of Biology Tomball College

Edward M. Bohn Ph. D. Nuclear Engineering University of Illinois

Robert G. Vos Ph.D. Civil/Structural Engineering Rice University

Yvonne Boldt Ph. D. Microbiology University of Minnesota

William B. Collier Ph. D. Physical Chemistry Oklahoma State University

Edward Gade Professor Emeritus of Mathematics University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh

James E. Nymann Emeritus Professor of Mathematics University of Texas at El Paso

Malcolm A. Cutchins Ph. D. Engineering Mechanics Virginia Tech

Lisanne D’Andrea-Winslow Ph. D. Cell Biology & Biochemistry Rutgers University

Holger Daugaard Ph. D. Agronomy Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Denmark)

Shieu-Hong Lin Assistant Professor of Computer Science (Ph.D., Brown University) Biola University

W. John Durfee Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Case Western Reserve University

Dominic M. Halsmer Ph. D. Mechanical Engineering UCLA

Charles B. Lowrey Ph.D. Chemistry University of Houston

Jeffrey H. Harwell Ph. D. Chemical Engineering University of Texas, Austin

Frank Cheng Associate Professor of Chemistry University of Idaho

David Heddle Ph. D. Physics Carnegie Mellon University

Yoshiyuki Amemiya Professor of Advanced Materials Science & Applied Physics The University of Tokyo

Barbara S. Helmkamp Ph.D. Theoretical Physics Louisiana State University

David C. Kem Professor of Medicine University of Oklahoma College of Medicine

C. Thomas Luiskutty Ph.D. Physics Univ. of Louisville

Wusi Maki Research Asst. Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, Mol. Biology, & Biochem. University of Idaho

A. Cordell Perkes Ph.D. Science Education Ohio State University

John D. Cook Head of Software Development (Ph.D. Mathematics, U.T. Austin) Department of Biostatistics & Applied Mathematics, U. of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Tony Prato Prof. of Ecological Economics University of Missouri

Charles G. Sanny Prof. of Biochemistry Oklahoma State University Ctr. for Health Sciences

Jairam Vanamala Postdoctoral Research Associate, Faculty of Nutrition Faculty of Nutrition, TAMU, College Station

Gordon L. Wilson Ph.D. Environmental Science and Public Policy George Mason University

Robin D. Zimmer Ph.D. Environmental Sciences Rutgers University

Karl Duff Sc.D. Mechanical Engineering MIT

David Jansson Sc.D. Instrumentation and Automatic Control MIT

C. Steven Murphree Professor of Biology Belmont University

Alfred G. Ratz Ph.D. Engineering Physics University of Toronto (Canada)

Chris Cellucci Associate Professor of Physics Ursinus College

Gary Maki Director, Ctr. for Advanced Microelectronics and Biomolecular Research University of Idaho

Ronald S. Carson Ph.D. Nuclear Engineering University of Washington

Joseph A. Strada Ph.D. Aeronautical Engineering Naval Postgraduate School

Olaf Karthaus Associate Professor, Chemistry Chitose Institute of Science & Technology (Japan)

Arnold Eugene Carden Professor Emeritus of Engineering Science & Mechanics University of Alabama

John B. Marshall Professor of Medicine University of Missouri School of Medicine

Robert B. Sheldon Ph.D. Physics University of Maryland, College Park

B. K. Nelson Research Toxicologist (retired) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Hansik Yoon Ph.D. Fiber Science Seoul National University (South Korea)

David Conover Ph.D. Health Physics Purdue University

Luis Paulo Franco de Barros D.Sc. Mechanical Engineering Pontificia Universidade Católica (Brazil)

Richard W. Pooley Professor of Surgery (retired) New York Medical College

Arthur Chadwick Ph.D. Molecular Biology University of Miami

Lennart Saari Adjunct Professor, Wildlife Biology University of Helsinki (Finland)

Douglas G. Frank Ph.D. Surface Electrochemistry University of Cincinnati

James G. Tarrant Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of Texas, Austin

N. Ricky Byrn Ph.D. Nuclear Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Jeffrey E. Lander Ph.D. Biomechanics University of Oregon

Curtis Hawkins Asst. Clinical Professor of Dermatology Case Western Reserve Univ. School of Medicine

Mary A. Brown DVM (Veterinary Medicine) Ohio State University

Thomas H. Marshall Adjunct Professor, Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering Ohio State University

Charles H. McGowen Assistant Professor of Medicine Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine

Ronald R. Crawford Ed.D. Science Education Ball State University

Matti Junnila DVM, Ph.D. Veterinary Pathology University of Helsinki (Finland)

Dean Svoboda Ph.D. Electrical Engineering The Ohio State University

Ruth C. Miles Professor of Chemistry Malone College

Mark J. Lattery Associate Professor of Physics University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh

William McVaugh Associate Professor of Biology Department of Natural Sciences, Malone College

Jeffrey M. Goff Associate Professor of Chemistry Malone College

Jarrod W. Carter Ph.D. Bioengineering University of Washington
David B. Medved Ph.D. Physics University of Pennsylvania

Theodore W. Geier Ph.D. Forrest Hydrology University of Minnesota

Christian Heiss Post-Doctoral Associate Complex Carbohydrate Res. Ctr., Univ. of Georgia

G. Bradley Schaefer Professor of Pediatrics University of Nebraska Medical Center

Bruce Simat Associate Professor of Biology Northwestern College

Teresa Gonske Assistant Professor of Mathematics Northwestern College

Thomas Mundie Dean of the School of Science & Technology Georgia Gwinnett College

Scott S. Kinnes Professor of Biology Azusa Pacific University

James A. Huggins Chair, Dept. of Biology & Dir., Hammons Center for Scientific Studies Union University

Jonathan A. Zderad Assistant Professor of Mathematics Northwestern College

Michael R. Egnor Professor and Vice-Chairman, Dept. of Neurological Surgery State University of New York at Stony Brook

I. Caroline Crocker Ph.D. Immunopharmacology University of Southampton (UK)

Donald J. Hanrahan Ph.D. Electrical Engineering University of Maryland

Gintautas Jazbutis Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Paul S. Darby Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of Georgia

Changhyuk An Ph.D. Physics University of Tennessee

L. Kirt Martin Professor of Biology Lubbock Christian University

Gerald Schroeder Ph.D. Earth Sciences & Nuclear Physics MIT

Rod Rogers Ph.D. Agronomy/Plant Breeding Iowa State University

David W. Herrin Research Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky

Glen Needham Associate Professor of Entomology The Ohio State University

E. Byron Rogers Professor of Chemistry; Chair, Dept. of Mathematics & Physical Sciences Lubbock Christian University

Vladimir L. Voeikov Vice-Chairman, Chair of Bio-organic Chemistry, Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia)

Ricardo Leon Dean of School of Medicine Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Eugene C. Ashby Regents’ Professor and Distinguished Professor Emeritus Georgia Institute of Technology

JoAnne Larsen Assistant Professor of Industrial Engineering University of South Florida, Lakeland

Douglas Axe Director (Ph.D. Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology) Biologic Institute

Joel Brind Professor of Biology Baruch College, City University of New York

William F. Basener Associate Professor of Mathematics Rochester Institute of Technology

L. Whit Marks Emeritus Professor of Physics University of Central Oklahoma

Jan Peter Bengtson Associate Professor (M.D., Ph.D. Intensive Care Medicine) University of Gothenburg (Sweden)

Perry Mason Professor of Mathematics and Physical Science Lubbock Christian University

Timothy A. Mixon Assistant Professor of Medicine Texas A&M University

Lawrence DeMejo Ph.D. Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts at Amherst

Charles Garner Professor of Chemistry Baylor University

Lynne Parker Professor of Computer Science (Ph.D. MIT) Distributed Intelligence Lab, University of Tennessee

Ivan M. Lang Ph.D. Physiology and Biophysics Temple University

David J. Lawrence Ph.D. Physics Washington University, St. Louis

John G. Hoey Ph.D. Molecular and Cellular Biology City University of New York Graduate School

Theodore J. Siek Ph.D. Biochemistry Oregon State University

John P. Rickert Ph.D. Mathematics Vanderbilt University

Christian M. Loch Ph.D. Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Virginia

David W. Rusch Sr. Research Scientist, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado

Charles A. Signorino Ph.D. Organic Chemistry University of Pennsylvania

Luke Randall Ph.D. Molecular Microbiology University of London (UK)
Jan Frederic Dudt Associate Professor of Biology Grove City College

Glenn A. Marsch Associate Professor of Physics Grove City College

Eduardo Sahagun Professor of Botany Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Mark A. Chambers Ph.D. Virology University of Cambridge (UK)

Daniel Howell Ph.D. Biochemistry Virginia Tech

Joel D. Hubbard Associate Professor, Dept. of Lab. Science and Primary Care Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

C. Roger Longbotham Ph.D. Statistics Florida State University

Hugh L. Henry Lecturer (Ph.D. Physics, University of Virginia) Northern Kentucky University

Jonathan D. Eisenback Professor of Plant Pathology Dept. of Plant Pathology and Weed Science Virginia Tech

Eduardo Arroyo Professor of Forensics (Ph.D. Biology) Complutense University (Spain)

Peter Silley Ph.D. Microbial Biochemistry University of Newcastle upon Tyne

E. Norbert Smith Ph.D. Zoology Texas Tech University

Peter C. Iwen Professor of Pathology and Microbiology University of Nebraska Medical Center

Paul Roschke A.P. and Florence Wiley Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University

Luman R. Wing Associate Professor of Biology Azusa Pacific University

Edward F. Blick Ph.D. Engineering Science University of Oklahoma

Wesley M. Taylor Former Chairman of the Division of Primate Medicine & Surgery New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School

Don England Professor Emeritus of Chemistry Harding University

Wayne Linn Professor Emeritus of Biology Southern Oregon University

James Gundlach Associate Professor of Physics John A. Logan College

Guillermo Gonzalez Associate Professor of Astronomy Iowa State University

Tim Droubay Ph.D. Physics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Gregory D. Bossart Director and Head of Pathology Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution

Barry Homer Ph.D. Mathematics Southampton University (UK)

Jiøí Vácha Professor Emeritus of Pathological Physiology Institute of Pathophysiology, Masaryk University (Czech Republic)

Richard J. Neves Professor of Fisheries, Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Virginia Tech

David Deming Associate Professor of Geosciences University of Oklahoma

Gregory A. Ator Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology University of Kansas Medical Center

Erkki Jokisalo Ph.D. Social Pharmacy University of Kuopio (Finland)

John S. Roden Associate Professor of Biology Southern Oregon University

Donald W. Russell Adjunct Assistant Clinical Professor University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Neil Armitage Associate Professor of Civil Engineering University of Cape Town (South Africa )

Geoff Barnard Senior Research Scientist, Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge (UK)

Richard Hassing Ph.D. Theoretical Physics Cornell University

Olivia Torres Professor-Researcher (Human Genetics) Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico)

Donald A. Kangas Professor of Biology Truman State University

Alvin Masarira Senior Lecturer for Structural Engineering and Mechanics University of Cape Town (South Africa)

George A. Ekama Professor, Water Quality Engineering, Dept of Civil Engineering University of Cape Town (South Africa)

Alistair Donald Ph.D. Environmental Science/Quaternary or Pleistocene Palynology University of Wales (UK)

Thomas C. Majerus PharmD; FCCP University of Minnesota

Ferenc Farkas Ph.D. Applied Chemical Sciences Technical University of Budapest (Hungary)

Scott A. Chambers Affiliate Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering University of Washington

Cris Eberle Ph.D. Nuclear Engineering Purdue University

Dennis M. Sullivan Professor of Biology and Bioethics Cedarville University

Rodney M. Rutland Department Head & Associate Professor of Kinesiology Anderson University

Alastair M. Noble Ph.D. Chemistry University of Glasgow (Scotland)

Robert D. Orr Professor of Family Medicine University of Vermont College of Medicine

Laverne Miller Clinical Associate Professor of Family Medicine Medical College of Ohio

Laura Burke Former Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Lehigh University

Terry W. Spencer Former Chair, Department of Geology & Geophysics Texas A&M University

Bert Massie Ph.D. Physics University of California, Los Angeles

Mark C. Porter Ph.D. Chemical Engineering MIT

S. Thomas Abraham Assistant Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology Campbell University School of Pharmacy

John L. Hoffer Professor of Engineering; Texas A&M University College of Engineering; (also) Professor of Anesthesiology Texas A&M Univ. Syst. Health Science Center

Anita McElroy Ph.D. Biology University of California, San Diego

Herman Branover Professor of Mechanical Engineering Ben-Gurion University (Israel)

Martin Krause Research Scientist (Astronomy) University of Cambridge (UK)

James G. Bentsen Ph.D. Chemistry M.I.T.

Charles N. Delzell Professor of Mathematics (Ph.D. Stanford) Louisiana State University

Curtis Hrischuk Ph.D. Electrical Engineering Carleton University (Canada)

Guang-Hong Chen Assistant Professor of Medical Physics & Radiology University of Wisconsin-Madison

Doug Hufstedler Ph.D. Animal Nutrition Texas A&M University

Justin Long Ph.D. Chemical Engineering Iowa State University

James E. Rankin Ph.D. General Relativity Yeshiva University (Israel)

Donald F. Smee Research Professor (Microbiology) Utah State University

Colin R. Reeves Professor of Operational Research (Ph.D. Evolutionary Algorithms) Coventry University (UK)

Eugene K. Balon University Professor Emeritus, Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph (Canada)

Chrystal L. Ho Pao Assistant Professor of Biology (Ph.D. Molecular Genetics, Harvard U.) Trinity International University.

---

* = Deceased since signing statement.

Note:
Unless updated information has been received, positions listed are those held by signers when they signed the statement.